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Jeremy Kidwell 2023-10-12 14:16:02 +01:00
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@ -573,7 +573,7 @@ div.csl-indent {
<dl class="code-annotation-container-grid">
<dt data-target-cell="annotated-cell-10" data-target-annotation="2">2</dt>
<dd>
<span data-code-lines="1" data-code-cell="annotated-cell-10" data-code-annotation="2">We’ll re-order the column by size.</span>
<span data-code-cell="annotated-cell-10" data-code-lines="1" data-code-annotation="2">We’ll re-order the column by size.</span>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
@ -596,19 +596,19 @@ div.csl-indent {
<dl class="code-annotation-container-grid">
<dt data-target-cell="annotated-cell-11" data-target-annotation="1">1</dt>
<dd>
<span data-code-lines="1" data-code-cell="annotated-cell-11" data-code-annotation="1">First, remove the column with region names and the totals for the regions as we want just integer data.</span>
<span data-code-cell="annotated-cell-11" data-code-lines="1" data-code-annotation="1">First, remove the column with region names and the totals for the regions as we want just integer data.</span>
</dd>
<dt data-target-cell="annotated-cell-11" data-target-annotation="2">2</dt>
<dd>
<span data-code-lines="3" data-code-cell="annotated-cell-11" data-code-annotation="2">Second calculate the totals. In this example we use the tidyverse library <code>dplyr()</code>, but you can also do this using base R with <code>colsums()</code> like this: <code>uk_census_2021_religion_totals &lt;- colSums(uk_census_2021_religion_totals, na.rm = TRUE)</code>. The downside with base R is that you’ll also need to convert the result into a dataframe for <code>ggplot</code> like this: <code>uk_census_2021_religion_totals &lt;- as.data.frame(uk_census_2021_religion_totals)</code></span>
<span data-code-cell="annotated-cell-11" data-code-lines="3" data-code-annotation="2">Second calculate the totals. In this example we use the tidyverse library <code>dplyr()</code>, but you can also do this using base R with <code>colsums()</code> like this: <code>uk_census_2021_religion_totals &lt;- colSums(uk_census_2021_religion_totals, na.rm = TRUE)</code>. The downside with base R is that you’ll also need to convert the result into a dataframe for <code>ggplot</code> like this: <code>uk_census_2021_religion_totals &lt;- as.data.frame(uk_census_2021_religion_totals)</code></span>
</dd>
<dt data-target-cell="annotated-cell-11" data-target-annotation="3">3</dt>
<dd>
<span data-code-lines="4" data-code-cell="annotated-cell-11" data-code-annotation="3">In order to visualise this data using ggplot, we need to shift this data from wide to long format. This is a quick job using gather()</span>
<span data-code-cell="annotated-cell-11" data-code-lines="4" data-code-annotation="3">In order to visualise this data using ggplot, we need to shift this data from wide to long format. This is a quick job using gather()</span>
</dd>
<dt data-target-cell="annotated-cell-11" data-target-annotation="4">4</dt>
<dd>
<span data-code-lines="5" data-code-cell="annotated-cell-11" data-code-annotation="4">Now plot it out and have a look!</span>
<span data-code-cell="annotated-cell-11" data-code-lines="5" data-code-annotation="4">Now plot it out and have a look!</span>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
@ -712,48 +712,47 @@ What is Nomis?
</div>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb18"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb18-1"><a href="#cb18-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Get table of Census 2011 religion data from nomis</span></span>
<span id="cb18-2"><a href="#cb18-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Note: for reproducible code used to generate the dataset used in the book, see the cookbook here: </span></span>
<span id="cb18-3"><a href="#cb18-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>z <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">readRDS</span>(<span class="at">file =</span> (<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"example_data"</span>, <span class="st">"z.rds"</span>)))</span>
<span id="cb18-4"><a href="#cb18-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-5"><a href="#cb18-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Filter down to simplified dataset with England / Wales and percentages without totals</span></span>
<span id="cb18-6"><a href="#cb18-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2011_religion <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">filter</span>(z, GEOGRAPHY_NAME<span class="sc">==</span><span class="st">"England and Wales"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> RURAL_URBAN_NAME<span class="sc">==</span><span class="st">"Total"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> C_RELPUK11_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"All categories: Religion"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb18-7"><a href="#cb18-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Drop unnecessary columns</span></span>
<span id="cb18-8"><a href="#cb18-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2011_religion <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">select</span>(uk_census_2011_religion, C_RELPUK11_NAME, OBS_VALUE)</span>
<span id="cb18-9"><a href="#cb18-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Plot results</span></span>
<span id="cb18-10"><a href="#cb18-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>plot1 <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(uk_census_2011_religion, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> C_RELPUK11_NAME, <span class="at">y =</span> OBS_VALUE)) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">geom_bar</span>(<span class="at">stat =</span> <span class="st">"identity"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">axis.text.x =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(<span class="at">angle =</span> <span class="dv">90</span>, <span class="at">vjust =</span> <span class="fl">0.5</span>, <span class="at">hjust=</span><span class="dv">1</span>))</span>
<span id="cb18-11"><a href="#cb18-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># ggsave(filename = "plot.png", plot = plot1)</span></span>
<span id="cb18-12"><a href="#cb18-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-13"><a href="#cb18-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># grab daata from nomis for 2001 census religion / ethnicity</span></span>
<span id="cb18-14"><a href="#cb18-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>z0 <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">readRDS</span>(<span class="at">file =</span> (<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"example_data"</span>, <span class="st">"z0.rds"</span>)))</span>
<span id="cb18-15"><a href="#cb18-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-16"><a href="#cb18-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># select relevant columns</span></span>
<span id="cb18-17"><a href="#cb18-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2001_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">select</span>(z0, GEOGRAPHY_NAME, C_RELPUK11_NAME, C_ETHHUK11_NAME, OBS_VALUE)</span>
<span id="cb18-18"><a href="#cb18-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Filter down to simplified dataset with England / Wales and percentages without totals</span></span>
<span id="cb18-19"><a href="#cb18-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2001_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">filter</span>(uk_census_2001_religion_ethnicity, GEOGRAPHY_NAME<span class="sc">==</span><span class="st">"England and Wales"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> C_RELPUK11_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"All categories: Religion"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb18-20"><a href="#cb18-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Simplify data to only include general totals and omit subcategories</span></span>
<span id="cb18-21"><a href="#cb18-21" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2001_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> uk_census_2001_religion_ethnicity <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu">filter</span>(<span class="fu">grepl</span>(<span class="st">'Total'</span>, C_ETHHUK11_NAME))</span>
<span id="cb18-22"><a href="#cb18-22" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-23"><a href="#cb18-23" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># grab data from nomis for 2011 census religion / ethnicity table</span></span>
<span id="cb18-24"><a href="#cb18-24" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>z1 <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">readRDS</span>(<span class="at">file =</span> (<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"example_data"</span>, <span class="st">"z1.rds"</span>)))</span>
<span id="cb18-25"><a href="#cb18-25" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-26"><a href="#cb18-26" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># select relevant columns</span></span>
<span id="cb18-27"><a href="#cb18-27" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2011_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">select</span>(z1, GEOGRAPHY_NAME, C_RELPUK11_NAME, C_ETHPUK11_NAME, OBS_VALUE)</span>
<span id="cb18-28"><a href="#cb18-28" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Filter down to simplified dataset with England / Wales and percentages without totals</span></span>
<span id="cb18-29"><a href="#cb18-29" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2011_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">filter</span>(uk_census_2011_religion_ethnicity, GEOGRAPHY_NAME<span class="sc">==</span><span class="st">"England and Wales"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> C_RELPUK11_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"All categories: Religion"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> C_ETHPUK11_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"All categories: Ethnic group"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb18-30"><a href="#cb18-30" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Simplify data to only include general totals and omit subcategories</span></span>
<span id="cb18-31"><a href="#cb18-31" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2011_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> uk_census_2011_religion_ethnicity <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu">filter</span>(<span class="fu">grepl</span>(<span class="st">'Total'</span>, C_ETHPUK11_NAME))</span>
<span id="cb18-32"><a href="#cb18-32" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-33"><a href="#cb18-33" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># grab data from nomis for 2021 census religion / ethnicity table</span></span>
<span id="cb18-34"><a href="#cb18-34" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>z2 <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">readRDS</span>(<span class="at">file =</span> (<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"example_data"</span>, <span class="st">"z2.rds"</span>)))</span>
<span id="cb18-35"><a href="#cb18-35" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-36"><a href="#cb18-36" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># select relevant columns</span></span>
<span id="cb18-37"><a href="#cb18-37" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2021_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">select</span>(z2, GEOGRAPHY_NAME, C2021_RELIGION_10_NAME, C2021_ETH_8_NAME, OBS_VALUE)</span>
<span id="cb18-38"><a href="#cb18-38" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Filter down to simplified dataset with England / Wales and percentages without totals</span></span>
<span id="cb18-39"><a href="#cb18-39" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2021_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">filter</span>(uk_census_2021_religion_ethnicity, GEOGRAPHY_NAME<span class="sc">==</span><span class="st">"England and Wales"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> C2021_RELIGION_10_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"Total"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> C2021_ETH_8_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"Total"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb18-40"><a href="#cb18-40" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># 2021 census includes white sub-groups so we need to omit those so we just have totals:</span></span>
<span id="cb18-41"><a href="#cb18-41" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2021_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">filter</span>(uk_census_2021_religion_ethnicity, C2021_ETH_8_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"White: English, Welsh, Scottish, Northern Irish or British"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> C2021_ETH_8_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"White: Irish"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> C2021_ETH_8_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller, Roma or Other White"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb18-42"><a href="#cb18-42" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-43"><a href="#cb18-43" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">ggplot</span>(uk_census_2011_religion_ethnicity, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">fill=</span>C_ETHPUK11_NAME, <span class="at">x=</span>C_RELPUK11_NAME, <span class="at">y=</span>OBS_VALUE)) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">geom_bar</span>(<span class="at">position=</span><span class="st">"dodge"</span>, <span class="at">stat =</span><span class="st">"identity"</span>, <span class="at">colour =</span> <span class="st">"black"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">scale_fill_brewer</span>(<span class="at">palette =</span> <span class="st">"Set1"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">ggtitle</span>(<span class="st">"Religious Affiliation in the 2021 Census of England and Wales"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">xlab</span>(<span class="st">""</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">ylab</span>(<span class="st">""</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">axis.text.x =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(<span class="at">angle =</span> <span class="dv">90</span>, <span class="at">vjust =</span> <span class="fl">0.5</span>, <span class="at">hjust=</span><span class="dv">1</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<span id="cb18-2"><a href="#cb18-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>z <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">readRDS</span>(<span class="at">file =</span> (<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"example_data"</span>, <span class="st">"z.rds"</span>)))</span>
<span id="cb18-3"><a href="#cb18-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-4"><a href="#cb18-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Filter down to simplified dataset with England / Wales and percentages without totals</span></span>
<span id="cb18-5"><a href="#cb18-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2011_religion <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">filter</span>(z, GEOGRAPHY_NAME<span class="sc">==</span><span class="st">"England and Wales"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> RURAL_URBAN_NAME<span class="sc">==</span><span class="st">"Total"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> C_RELPUK11_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"All categories: Religion"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb18-6"><a href="#cb18-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Drop unnecessary columns</span></span>
<span id="cb18-7"><a href="#cb18-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2011_religion <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">select</span>(uk_census_2011_religion, C_RELPUK11_NAME, OBS_VALUE)</span>
<span id="cb18-8"><a href="#cb18-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Plot results</span></span>
<span id="cb18-9"><a href="#cb18-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>plot1 <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(uk_census_2011_religion, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> C_RELPUK11_NAME, <span class="at">y =</span> OBS_VALUE)) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">geom_bar</span>(<span class="at">stat =</span> <span class="st">"identity"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">axis.text.x =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(<span class="at">angle =</span> <span class="dv">90</span>, <span class="at">vjust =</span> <span class="fl">0.5</span>, <span class="at">hjust=</span><span class="dv">1</span>))</span>
<span id="cb18-10"><a href="#cb18-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># ggsave(filename = "plot.png", plot = plot1)</span></span>
<span id="cb18-11"><a href="#cb18-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-12"><a href="#cb18-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># grab daata from nomis for 2001 census religion / ethnicity</span></span>
<span id="cb18-13"><a href="#cb18-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>z0 <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">readRDS</span>(<span class="at">file =</span> (<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"example_data"</span>, <span class="st">"z0.rds"</span>)))</span>
<span id="cb18-14"><a href="#cb18-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-15"><a href="#cb18-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># select relevant columns</span></span>
<span id="cb18-16"><a href="#cb18-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2001_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">select</span>(z0, GEOGRAPHY_NAME, C_RELPUK11_NAME, C_ETHHUK11_NAME, OBS_VALUE)</span>
<span id="cb18-17"><a href="#cb18-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Filter down to simplified dataset with England / Wales and percentages without totals</span></span>
<span id="cb18-18"><a href="#cb18-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2001_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">filter</span>(uk_census_2001_religion_ethnicity, GEOGRAPHY_NAME<span class="sc">==</span><span class="st">"England and Wales"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> C_RELPUK11_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"All categories: Religion"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb18-19"><a href="#cb18-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Simplify data to only include general totals and omit subcategories</span></span>
<span id="cb18-20"><a href="#cb18-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2001_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> uk_census_2001_religion_ethnicity <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu">filter</span>(<span class="fu">grepl</span>(<span class="st">'Total'</span>, C_ETHHUK11_NAME))</span>
<span id="cb18-21"><a href="#cb18-21" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-22"><a href="#cb18-22" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># grab data from nomis for 2011 census religion / ethnicity table</span></span>
<span id="cb18-23"><a href="#cb18-23" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>z1 <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">readRDS</span>(<span class="at">file =</span> (<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"example_data"</span>, <span class="st">"z1.rds"</span>)))</span>
<span id="cb18-24"><a href="#cb18-24" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-25"><a href="#cb18-25" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># select relevant columns</span></span>
<span id="cb18-26"><a href="#cb18-26" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2011_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">select</span>(z1, GEOGRAPHY_NAME, C_RELPUK11_NAME, C_ETHPUK11_NAME, OBS_VALUE)</span>
<span id="cb18-27"><a href="#cb18-27" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Filter down to simplified dataset with England / Wales and percentages without totals</span></span>
<span id="cb18-28"><a href="#cb18-28" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2011_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">filter</span>(uk_census_2011_religion_ethnicity, GEOGRAPHY_NAME<span class="sc">==</span><span class="st">"England and Wales"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> C_RELPUK11_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"All categories: Religion"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> C_ETHPUK11_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"All categories: Ethnic group"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb18-29"><a href="#cb18-29" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Simplify data to only include general totals and omit subcategories</span></span>
<span id="cb18-30"><a href="#cb18-30" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2011_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> uk_census_2011_religion_ethnicity <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu">filter</span>(<span class="fu">grepl</span>(<span class="st">'Total'</span>, C_ETHPUK11_NAME))</span>
<span id="cb18-31"><a href="#cb18-31" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-32"><a href="#cb18-32" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># grab data from nomis for 2021 census religion / ethnicity table</span></span>
<span id="cb18-33"><a href="#cb18-33" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>z2 <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">readRDS</span>(<span class="at">file =</span> (<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"example_data"</span>, <span class="st">"z2.rds"</span>)))</span>
<span id="cb18-34"><a href="#cb18-34" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-35"><a href="#cb18-35" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># select relevant columns</span></span>
<span id="cb18-36"><a href="#cb18-36" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2021_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">select</span>(z2, GEOGRAPHY_NAME, C2021_RELIGION_10_NAME, C2021_ETH_8_NAME, OBS_VALUE)</span>
<span id="cb18-37"><a href="#cb18-37" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Filter down to simplified dataset with England / Wales and percentages without totals</span></span>
<span id="cb18-38"><a href="#cb18-38" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2021_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">filter</span>(uk_census_2021_religion_ethnicity, GEOGRAPHY_NAME<span class="sc">==</span><span class="st">"England and Wales"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> C2021_RELIGION_10_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"Total"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> C2021_ETH_8_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"Total"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb18-39"><a href="#cb18-39" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># 2021 census includes white sub-groups so we need to omit those so we just have totals:</span></span>
<span id="cb18-40"><a href="#cb18-40" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_census_2021_religion_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">filter</span>(uk_census_2021_religion_ethnicity, C2021_ETH_8_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"White: English, Welsh, Scottish, Northern Irish or British"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> C2021_ETH_8_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"White: Irish"</span> <span class="sc">&amp;</span> C2021_ETH_8_NAME <span class="sc">!=</span> <span class="st">"White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller, Roma or Other White"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb18-41"><a href="#cb18-41" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb18-42"><a href="#cb18-42" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">ggplot</span>(uk_census_2011_religion_ethnicity, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">fill=</span>C_ETHPUK11_NAME, <span class="at">x=</span>C_RELPUK11_NAME, <span class="at">y=</span>OBS_VALUE)) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">geom_bar</span>(<span class="at">position=</span><span class="st">"dodge"</span>, <span class="at">stat =</span><span class="st">"identity"</span>, <span class="at">colour =</span> <span class="st">"black"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">scale_fill_brewer</span>(<span class="at">palette =</span> <span class="st">"Set1"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">ggtitle</span>(<span class="st">"Religious Affiliation in the 2021 Census of England and Wales"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">xlab</span>(<span class="st">""</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">ylab</span>(<span class="st">""</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">theme</span>(<span class="at">axis.text.x =</span> <span class="fu">element_text</span>(<span class="at">angle =</span> <span class="dv">90</span>, <span class="at">vjust =</span> <span class="fl">0.5</span>, <span class="at">hjust=</span><span class="dv">1</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
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@ -272,31 +272,15 @@ div.csl-indent {
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># R Setup -----------------------------------------------------------------</span></span>
<span id="cb1-2"><a href="#cb1-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">setwd</span>(<span class="st">"/Users/kidwellj/gits/hacking_religion_textbook/hacking_religion"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb1-3"><a href="#cb1-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(here)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stderr">
<pre><code>here() starts at /Users/kidwellj/gits/hacking_religion_textbook</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(tidyverse)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stderr">
<pre><code>-- Attaching core tidyverse packages ------------------------ tidyverse 2.0.0 --
v dplyr 1.1.3 v readr 2.1.4
v forcats 1.0.0 v stringr 1.5.0
v ggplot2 3.4.3 v tibble 3.2.1
v lubridate 1.9.3 v tidyr 1.3.0
v purrr 1.0.2 </code></pre>
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<div class="cell-output cell-output-stderr">
<pre><code>-- Conflicts ------------------------------------------ tidyverse_conflicts() --
x dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
x dplyr::lag() masks stats::lag()
i Use the conflicted package (&lt;http://conflicted.r-lib.org/&gt;) to force all conflicts to become errors</code></pre>
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<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb6"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(haven) <span class="co"># used for importing SPSS .sav files</span></span>
<span id="cb6-2"><a href="#cb6-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>here<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">i_am</span>(<span class="st">"chapter_2.qmd"</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<span id="cb1-3"><a href="#cb1-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(here) <span class="sc">|&gt;</span> <span class="fu">suppressPackageStartupMessages</span>()</span>
<span id="cb1-4"><a href="#cb1-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(tidyverse) <span class="sc">|&gt;</span> <span class="fu">suppressPackageStartupMessages</span>()</span>
<span id="cb1-5"><a href="#cb1-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># used for importing SPSS .sav files</span></span>
<span id="cb1-6"><a href="#cb1-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(haven) <span class="sc">|&gt;</span> <span class="fu">suppressPackageStartupMessages</span>()</span>
<span id="cb1-7"><a href="#cb1-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>here<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">i_am</span>(<span class="st">"chapter_2.qmd"</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stderr">
<pre><code>here() starts at /Users/kidwellj/gits/hacking_religion_textbook/hacking_religion</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb8"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb8-1"><a href="#cb8-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>climate_experience_data <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">read_sav</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"example_data"</span>, <span class="st">"climate_experience_data.sav"</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>climate_experience_data <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">read_sav</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"example_data"</span>, <span class="st">"climate_experience_data.sav"</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
<p>The first thing to note here is that we’ve drawn in a different type of data file, this time from an <code>.sav</code> file, usully produced by the statistics software package SPSS. This uses a different R Library (I use <code>haven</code> for this). The upside is that in some cases where you have survey data with both a code and a value like “1” is eqivalent to “very much agree” this will preserve both in the R dataframe that is created. Now that you’ve loaded in data, you have a new R dataframe called “climate_experience_data” with a lot of columns with just under 1000 survey responses.</p>
</section>
@ -334,9 +318,9 @@ So <em>who’s</em> religious?
</div>
<p>Let’s dive into the data and see how this all works out. We’ll start with the question 56 data, around religious affiliation:</p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="annotated-cell-5"><pre class="sourceCode r code-annotation-code code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="annotated-cell-5-1"><a href="#annotated-cell-5-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>religious_affiliation <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">as_tibble</span>(<span class="fu">as_factor</span>(climate_experience_data<span class="sc">$</span>Q56))</span>
<span id="annotated-cell-5-2"><a href="#annotated-cell-5-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">names</span>(religious_affiliation) <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"response"</span>)</span>
<span id="annotated-cell-5-3"><a href="#annotated-cell-5-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>religious_affiliation <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">filter</span>(religious_affiliation, <span class="sc">!</span><span class="fu">is.na</span>(response))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="annotated-cell-3"><pre class="sourceCode r code-annotation-code code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="annotated-cell-3-1"><a href="#annotated-cell-3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>religious_affiliation <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">as_tibble</span>(<span class="fu">as_factor</span>(climate_experience_data<span class="sc">$</span>Q56))</span>
<span id="annotated-cell-3-2"><a href="#annotated-cell-3-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">names</span>(religious_affiliation) <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"response"</span>)</span>
<span id="annotated-cell-3-3"><a href="#annotated-cell-3-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>religious_affiliation <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">filter</span>(religious_affiliation, <span class="sc">!</span><span class="fu">is.na</span>(response))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
<p>There are few things we need to do here to get the data into initial proper shape. This might be called “cleaning” the data:</p>
<ol type="1">
@ -346,31 +330,31 @@ So <em>who’s</em> religious?
</ol>
<p>If we pause at this point to view the data, you’ll see it’s basically just a long list of survey responses. What we need is a count of each unique response (or <code>factor</code>). This will take a few more steps:</p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="annotated-cell-6"><pre class="sourceCode r code-annotation-code code-with-copy code-annotated"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="annotated-cell-6-1"><a href="#annotated-cell-6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>religious_affiliation_sums <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> religious_affiliation <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span> </span>
<a class="code-annotation-anchor" data-target-cell="annotated-cell-6" data-target-annotation="1" onclick="event.preventDefault();">1</a><span id="annotated-cell-6-2" class="code-annotation-target"><a href="#annotated-cell-6-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> dplyr<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">count</span>(response, <span class="at">sort =</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>) <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span></span>
<a class="code-annotation-anchor" data-target-cell="annotated-cell-6" data-target-annotation="2" onclick="event.preventDefault();">2</a><span id="annotated-cell-6-3" class="code-annotation-target"><a href="#annotated-cell-6-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> dplyr<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">mutate</span>(<span class="at">response =</span> forcats<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">fct_rev</span>(forcats<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">fct_inorder</span>(response)))</span>
<span id="annotated-cell-6-4"><a href="#annotated-cell-6-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>religious_affiliation_sums <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> religious_affiliation_sums <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span> </span>
<a class="code-annotation-anchor" data-target-cell="annotated-cell-6" data-target-annotation="3" onclick="event.preventDefault();">3</a><span id="annotated-cell-6-5" class="code-annotation-target"><a href="#annotated-cell-6-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> dplyr<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">mutate</span>(<span class="at">perc =</span> scales<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">percent</span>(n <span class="sc">/</span> <span class="fu">sum</span>(n), <span class="at">accuracy =</span> .<span class="dv">1</span>, <span class="at">trim =</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>))</span><div class="code-annotation-gutter-bg"></div><div class="code-annotation-gutter"></div></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="annotated-cell-4"><pre class="sourceCode r code-annotation-code code-with-copy code-annotated"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="annotated-cell-4-1"><a href="#annotated-cell-4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>religious_affiliation_sums <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> religious_affiliation <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span> </span>
<a class="code-annotation-anchor" data-target-cell="annotated-cell-4" data-target-annotation="1" onclick="event.preventDefault();">1</a><span id="annotated-cell-4-2" class="code-annotation-target"><a href="#annotated-cell-4-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> dplyr<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">count</span>(response, <span class="at">sort =</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>) <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span></span>
<a class="code-annotation-anchor" data-target-cell="annotated-cell-4" data-target-annotation="2" onclick="event.preventDefault();">2</a><span id="annotated-cell-4-3" class="code-annotation-target"><a href="#annotated-cell-4-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> dplyr<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">mutate</span>(<span class="at">response =</span> forcats<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">fct_rev</span>(forcats<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">fct_inorder</span>(response)))</span>
<span id="annotated-cell-4-4"><a href="#annotated-cell-4-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>religious_affiliation_sums <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> religious_affiliation_sums <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span> </span>
<a class="code-annotation-anchor" data-target-cell="annotated-cell-4" data-target-annotation="3" onclick="event.preventDefault();">3</a><span id="annotated-cell-4-5" class="code-annotation-target"><a href="#annotated-cell-4-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> dplyr<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">mutate</span>(<span class="at">perc =</span> scales<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">percent</span>(n <span class="sc">/</span> <span class="fu">sum</span>(n), <span class="at">accuracy =</span> .<span class="dv">1</span>, <span class="at">trim =</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>))</span><div class="code-annotation-gutter-bg"></div><div class="code-annotation-gutter"></div></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-annotation">
<dl class="code-annotation-container-grid">
<dt data-target-cell="annotated-cell-6" data-target-annotation="1">1</dt>
<dt data-target-cell="annotated-cell-4" data-target-annotation="1">1</dt>
<dd>
<span data-code-annotation="1" data-code-cell="annotated-cell-6" data-code-lines="2">First we generate new a dataframe with sums per category and</span>
<span data-code-annotation="1" data-code-cell="annotated-cell-4" data-code-lines="2">First we generate new a dataframe with sums per category and</span>
</dd>
<dt data-target-cell="annotated-cell-6" data-target-annotation="2">2</dt>
<dt data-target-cell="annotated-cell-4" data-target-annotation="2">2</dt>
<dd>
<span data-code-annotation="2" data-code-cell="annotated-cell-6" data-code-lines="3">…sort in descending order</span>
<span data-code-annotation="2" data-code-cell="annotated-cell-4" data-code-lines="3">…sort in descending order</span>
</dd>
<dt data-target-cell="annotated-cell-6" data-target-annotation="3">3</dt>
<dt data-target-cell="annotated-cell-4" data-target-annotation="3">3</dt>
<dd>
<span data-code-annotation="3" data-code-cell="annotated-cell-6" data-code-lines="5">Then we add new column with percentages based on the sums you’ve just generated</span>
<span data-code-annotation="3" data-code-cell="annotated-cell-4" data-code-lines="5">Then we add new column with percentages based on the sums you’ve just generated</span>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
<p>That should give us a tidy table of results, which you can see if you view the contents of our new <code>religious_affiliation_sums</code> dataframe:</p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb9"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb9-1"><a href="#cb9-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">head</span>(religious_affiliation_sums)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb4"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb4-1"><a href="#cb4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">head</span>(religious_affiliation_sums)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code># A tibble: 6 x 3
response n perc
@ -384,13 +368,13 @@ So <em>who’s</em> religious?
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb11"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb11-1"><a href="#cb11-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># make plot</span></span>
<span id="cb11-2"><a href="#cb11-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">ggplot</span>(religious_affiliation_sums, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> n, <span class="at">y =</span> response)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb11-3"><a href="#cb11-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_col</span>(<span class="at">colour =</span> <span class="st">"white"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb11-4"><a href="#cb11-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="do">## add percentage labels</span></span>
<span id="cb11-5"><a href="#cb11-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_text</span>(<span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">label =</span> perc),</span>
<span id="cb11-6"><a href="#cb11-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="do">## make labels left-aligned and white</span></span>
<span id="cb11-7"><a href="#cb11-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">hjust =</span> <span class="dv">1</span>, <span class="at">nudge_x =</span> <span class="sc">-</span>.<span class="dv">5</span>, <span class="at">colour =</span> <span class="st">"white"</span>, <span class="at">size=</span><span class="dv">3</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb6"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># make plot</span></span>
<span id="cb6-2"><a href="#cb6-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">ggplot</span>(religious_affiliation_sums, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> n, <span class="at">y =</span> response)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb6-3"><a href="#cb6-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_col</span>(<span class="at">colour =</span> <span class="st">"white"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb6-4"><a href="#cb6-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="do">## add percentage labels</span></span>
<span id="cb6-5"><a href="#cb6-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_text</span>(<span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">label =</span> perc),</span>
<span id="cb6-6"><a href="#cb6-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="do">## make labels left-aligned and white</span></span>
<span id="cb6-7"><a href="#cb6-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">hjust =</span> <span class="dv">1</span>, <span class="at">nudge_x =</span> <span class="sc">-</span>.<span class="dv">5</span>, <span class="at">colour =</span> <span class="st">"white"</span>, <span class="at">size=</span><span class="dv">3</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<p><img src="chapter_2_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-5-1.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
@ -398,20 +382,20 @@ So <em>who’s</em> religious?
<p>I’ve added one feature to our chart that wasn’t in the bar charts in chapter 1, text labels with the actual value on each bar.</p>
<p>You may be thinking about the plots we’ve just finished in chapter 1 and wondering how they compare. Let’s use the same facet approach that we’ve just used to render this data in a subsetted way.</p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="annotated-cell-9"><pre class="sourceCode r code-annotation-code code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="annotated-cell-9-1"><a href="#annotated-cell-9-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># First we need to add in data on ethnic self-identification from our respondents:</span></span>
<span id="annotated-cell-9-2"><a href="#annotated-cell-9-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">select</span>(climate_experience_data, Q56, Q0)</span>
<span id="annotated-cell-9-3"><a href="#annotated-cell-9-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>religious_affiliation_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">as_tibble</span>(<span class="fu">as_factor</span>(df))</span>
<span id="annotated-cell-9-4"><a href="#annotated-cell-9-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">names</span>(religious_affiliation_ethnicity) <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"Religion"</span>, <span class="st">"Ethnicity"</span>)</span>
<span id="annotated-cell-9-5"><a href="#annotated-cell-9-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="annotated-cell-9-6"><a href="#annotated-cell-9-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>religious_affiliation_ethnicity_sums <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> religious_affiliation_ethnicity <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span> </span>
<span id="annotated-cell-9-7"><a href="#annotated-cell-9-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">group_by</span>(Ethnicity) <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span></span>
<span id="annotated-cell-9-8"><a href="#annotated-cell-9-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> dplyr<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">count</span>(Religion, <span class="at">sort =</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>) <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span></span>
<span id="annotated-cell-9-9"><a href="#annotated-cell-9-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> dplyr<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">mutate</span>(<span class="at">Religion =</span> forcats<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">fct_rev</span>(forcats<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">fct_inorder</span>(Religion)))</span>
<span id="annotated-cell-9-10"><a href="#annotated-cell-9-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="annotated-cell-9-11"><a href="#annotated-cell-9-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>plot1 <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(religious_affiliation_ethnicity_sums, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> n, <span class="at">y =</span> Religion)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="annotated-cell-9-12"><a href="#annotated-cell-9-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_col</span>(<span class="at">colour =</span> <span class="st">"white"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">facet_wrap</span>(<span class="sc">~</span>Ethnicity, <span class="at">scales=</span><span class="st">"free_x"</span>)</span>
<span id="annotated-cell-9-13"><a href="#annotated-cell-9-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="annotated-cell-9-14"><a href="#annotated-cell-9-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">ggsave</span>(<span class="st">"chart.png"</span>, <span class="at">plot=</span>plot1, <span class="at">width =</span> <span class="dv">8</span>, <span class="at">height =</span> <span class="dv">10</span>, <span class="at">units=</span><span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"in"</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="annotated-cell-7"><pre class="sourceCode r code-annotation-code code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="annotated-cell-7-1"><a href="#annotated-cell-7-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># First we need to add in data on ethnic self-identification from our respondents:</span></span>
<span id="annotated-cell-7-2"><a href="#annotated-cell-7-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">select</span>(climate_experience_data, Q56, Q0)</span>
<span id="annotated-cell-7-3"><a href="#annotated-cell-7-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>religious_affiliation_ethnicity <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">as_tibble</span>(<span class="fu">as_factor</span>(df))</span>
<span id="annotated-cell-7-4"><a href="#annotated-cell-7-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">names</span>(religious_affiliation_ethnicity) <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"Religion"</span>, <span class="st">"Ethnicity"</span>)</span>
<span id="annotated-cell-7-5"><a href="#annotated-cell-7-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="annotated-cell-7-6"><a href="#annotated-cell-7-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>religious_affiliation_ethnicity_sums <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> religious_affiliation_ethnicity <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span> </span>
<span id="annotated-cell-7-7"><a href="#annotated-cell-7-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">group_by</span>(Ethnicity) <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span></span>
<span id="annotated-cell-7-8"><a href="#annotated-cell-7-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> dplyr<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">count</span>(Religion, <span class="at">sort =</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>) <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span></span>
<span id="annotated-cell-7-9"><a href="#annotated-cell-7-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> dplyr<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">mutate</span>(<span class="at">Religion =</span> forcats<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">fct_rev</span>(forcats<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">fct_inorder</span>(Religion)))</span>
<span id="annotated-cell-7-10"><a href="#annotated-cell-7-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="annotated-cell-7-11"><a href="#annotated-cell-7-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>plot1 <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(religious_affiliation_ethnicity_sums, <span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> n, <span class="at">y =</span> Religion)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="annotated-cell-7-12"><a href="#annotated-cell-7-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_col</span>(<span class="at">colour =</span> <span class="st">"white"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">facet_wrap</span>(<span class="sc">~</span>Ethnicity, <span class="at">scales=</span><span class="st">"free_x"</span>)</span>
<span id="annotated-cell-7-13"><a href="#annotated-cell-7-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="annotated-cell-7-14"><a href="#annotated-cell-7-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">ggsave</span>(<span class="st">"chart.png"</span>, <span class="at">plot=</span>plot1, <span class="at">width =</span> <span class="dv">8</span>, <span class="at">height =</span> <span class="dv">10</span>, <span class="at">units=</span><span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"in"</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
<p>Use mutate to put “prefer not to say” at the bottom # Info here: https://r4ds.had.co.nz/factors.html#modifying-factor-levels</p>
</section>

244
docs/chapter_3.html
View file

@ -249,142 +249,114 @@ div.csl-indent {
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(sf) <span class="sc">|&gt;</span> <span class="fu">suppressPackageStartupMessages</span>()</span>
<span id="cb1-2"><a href="#cb1-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(here) <span class="sc">|&gt;</span> <span class="fu">suppressPackageStartupMessages</span>()</span>
<span id="cb1-3"><a href="#cb1-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(tidyverse) <span class="sc">|&gt;</span> <span class="fu">suppressPackageStartupMessages</span>()</span>
<span id="cb1-4"><a href="#cb1-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">setwd</span>(<span class="st">"/Users/kidwellj/gits/hacking_religion_textbook/hacking_religion"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb1-5"><a href="#cb1-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>here<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">i_am</span>(<span class="st">"chapter_3.qmd"</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<span id="cb1-3"><a href="#cb1-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(tidyverse) </span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stderr">
<pre><code>-- Attaching core tidyverse packages ------------------------ tidyverse 2.0.0 --
v dplyr 1.1.3 v readr 2.1.4
v forcats 1.0.0 v stringr 1.5.0
v ggplot2 3.4.3 v tibble 3.2.1
v lubridate 1.9.3 v tidyr 1.3.0
v purrr 1.0.2
-- Conflicts ------------------------------------------ tidyverse_conflicts() --
x dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
x dplyr::lag() masks stats::lag()
i Use the conflicted package (&lt;http://conflicted.r-lib.org/&gt;) to force all conflicts to become errors</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># better video device, more accurate and faster rendering, esp. on macos. Also should enable system fonts for display</span></span>
<span id="cb3-2"><a href="#cb3-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(ragg) <span class="sc">|&gt;</span> <span class="fu">suppressPackageStartupMessages</span>()</span>
<span id="cb3-3"><a href="#cb3-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb3-4"><a href="#cb3-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">setwd</span>(<span class="st">"/Users/kidwellj/gits/hacking_religion_textbook/hacking_religion"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb3-5"><a href="#cb3-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>here<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">i_am</span>(<span class="st">"chapter_3.qmd"</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stderr">
<pre><code>here() starts at /Users/kidwellj/gits/hacking_religion_textbook/hacking_religion</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Download administrative boundaries for whole UK at country level</span></span>
<span id="cb3-2"><a href="#cb3-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="cf">if</span> (<span class="fu">file.exists</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_uk_2011_clipped.shp"</span>)) <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>) {</span>
<span id="cb3-3"><a href="#cb3-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">download.file</span>(<span class="st">"https://borders.ukdataservice.ac.uk/ukborders/easy_download/prebuilt/shape/infuse_uk_2011_clipped.zip"</span>, <span class="at">destfile =</span> <span class="st">"data/infuse_uk_2011_clipped.zip"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb3-4"><a href="#cb3-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">unzip</span>(<span class="st">"data/infuse_uk_2011_clipped.zip"</span>, <span class="at">exdir =</span> <span class="st">"data"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb3-5"><a href="#cb3-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span>
<span id="cb3-6"><a href="#cb3-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_countries <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">st_read</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_uk_2011_clipped.shp"</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>Reading layer `infuse_uk_2011_clipped' from data source
`/Users/kidwellj/gits/hacking_religion_textbook/hacking_religion/data/infuse_uk_2011_clipped.shp'
using driver `ESRI Shapefile'
Simple feature collection with 1 feature and 3 fields
Geometry type: MULTIPOLYGON
Dimension: XY
Bounding box: xmin: -69.1254 ymin: 5337.9 xmax: 655604.7 ymax: 1220302
Projected CRS: OSGB36 / British National Grid</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb5"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb5-1"><a href="#cb5-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Download administrative boundaries for whole UK at regions level</span></span>
<span id="cb5-2"><a href="#cb5-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="cf">if</span> (<span class="fu">file.exists</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_rgn_2011_clipped.shp"</span>)) <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>) {</span>
<span id="cb5-3"><a href="#cb5-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">download.file</span>(<span class="st">"https://borders.ukdataservice.ac.uk/ukborders/easy_download/prebuilt/shape/infuse_rgn_2011_clipped.zip"</span>, <span class="at">destfile =</span> <span class="st">"data/infuse_rgn_2011_clipped.zip"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-4"><a href="#cb5-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">unzip</span>(<span class="st">"data/infuse_rgn_2011_clipped.zip"</span>, <span class="at">exdir =</span> <span class="st">"data"</span>)</span>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb5"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb5-1"><a href="#cb5-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Download administrative boundaries for whole UK at country level</span></span>
<span id="cb5-2"><a href="#cb5-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="cf">if</span> (<span class="fu">file.exists</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_uk_2011_clipped.shp"</span>)) <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>) {</span>
<span id="cb5-3"><a href="#cb5-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">download.file</span>(<span class="st">"https://borders.ukdataservice.ac.uk/ukborders/easy_download/prebuilt/shape/infuse_uk_2011_clipped.zip"</span>, <span class="at">destfile =</span> <span class="st">"data/infuse_uk_2011_clipped.zip"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-4"><a href="#cb5-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">unzip</span>(<span class="st">"data/infuse_uk_2011_clipped.zip"</span>, <span class="at">exdir =</span> <span class="st">"data"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-5"><a href="#cb5-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span>
<span id="cb5-6"><a href="#cb5-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_rgn <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">st_read</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_rgn_2011_clipped.shp"</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>Reading layer `infuse_rgn_2011_clipped' from data source
`/Users/kidwellj/gits/hacking_religion_textbook/hacking_religion/data/infuse_rgn_2011_clipped.shp'
using driver `ESRI Shapefile'
Simple feature collection with 9 features and 2 fields
Geometry type: MULTIPOLYGON
Dimension: XY
Bounding box: xmin: 82672 ymin: 5337.9 xmax: 655604.7 ymax: 657534.1
Projected CRS: OSGB36 / British National Grid</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb7"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb7-1"><a href="#cb7-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Download administrative boundaries for whole UK at local authority level</span></span>
<span id="cb7-2"><a href="#cb7-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="cf">if</span> (<span class="fu">file.exists</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_dist_lyr_2011_clipped.shp"</span>)) <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>) {</span>
<span id="cb7-3"><a href="#cb7-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">download.file</span>(<span class="st">"https://borders.ukdataservice.ac.uk/ukborders/easy_download/prebuilt/shape/infuse_dist_lyr_2011_clipped.zip"</span>, <span class="at">destfile =</span> <span class="st">"data/infuse_dist_lyr_2011_clipped.zip"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb7-4"><a href="#cb7-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">unzip</span>(<span class="st">"data/infuse_dist_lyr_2011_clipped.zip"</span>, <span class="at">exdir =</span> <span class="st">"data"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb7-5"><a href="#cb7-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span>
<span id="cb7-6"><a href="#cb7-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>local_authorities <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">st_read</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_dist_lyr_2011_clipped.shp"</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>Reading layer `infuse_dist_lyr_2011_clipped' from data source
`/Users/kidwellj/gits/hacking_religion_textbook/hacking_religion/data/infuse_dist_lyr_2011_clipped.shp'
using driver `ESRI Shapefile'
Simple feature collection with 404 features and 3 fields
Geometry type: MULTIPOLYGON
Dimension: XY
Bounding box: xmin: -69.1254 ymin: 5337.9 xmax: 655604.7 ymax: 1220302
Projected CRS: OSGB36 / British National Grid</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb9"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb9-1"><a href="#cb9-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Download building outlines for whole UK</span></span>
<span id="cb9-2"><a href="#cb9-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="cf">if</span> (<span class="fu">file.exists</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_dist_lyr_2011_simplified_100m_buildings_simplified.gpkg"</span>)) <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>) {</span>
<span id="cb9-3"><a href="#cb9-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">download.file</span>(<span class="st">"https://zenodo.org/record/6395804/files/infuse_dist_lyr_2011_simplified_100m_buildings_overlay_simplified.gpkg"</span>, <span class="at">destfile =</span> <span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_dist_lyr_2011_simplified_100m_buildings_simplified.gpkg"</span>))}</span>
<span id="cb9-4"><a href="#cb9-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>local_authorities_buildings_clip <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">st_read</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_dist_lyr_2011_simplified_100m_buildings_simplified.gpkg"</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>Reading layer `infuse_dist_lyr_2011_simplified_100_buildings_overlay_simplified' from data source `/Users/kidwellj/gits/hacking_religion_textbook/hacking_religion/data/infuse_dist_lyr_2011_simplified_100m_buildings_simplified.gpkg'
using driver `GPKG'
Simple feature collection with 403 features and 0 fields
Geometry type: MULTIPOLYGON
Dimension: XY
Bounding box: xmin: -69.1254 ymin: 5524.797 xmax: 655986.4 ymax: 1219597
Projected CRS: OSGB36 / British National Grid</code></pre>
</div>
<span id="cb5-6"><a href="#cb5-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_countries <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">st_read</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_uk_2011_clipped.shp"</span>), <span class="at">quiet =</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-7"><a href="#cb5-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb5-8"><a href="#cb5-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Download administrative boundaries for whole UK at regions level</span></span>
<span id="cb5-9"><a href="#cb5-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="cf">if</span> (<span class="fu">file.exists</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_rgn_2011_clipped.shp"</span>)) <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>) {</span>
<span id="cb5-10"><a href="#cb5-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">download.file</span>(<span class="st">"https://borders.ukdataservice.ac.uk/ukborders/easy_download/prebuilt/shape/infuse_rgn_2011_clipped.zip"</span>, <span class="at">destfile =</span> <span class="st">"data/infuse_rgn_2011_clipped.zip"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-11"><a href="#cb5-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">unzip</span>(<span class="st">"data/infuse_rgn_2011_clipped.zip"</span>, <span class="at">exdir =</span> <span class="st">"data"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-12"><a href="#cb5-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span>
<span id="cb5-13"><a href="#cb5-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>uk_rgn <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">st_read</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_rgn_2011_clipped.shp"</span>), <span class="at">quiet =</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-14"><a href="#cb5-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb5-15"><a href="#cb5-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Download administrative boundaries for whole UK at local authority level</span></span>
<span id="cb5-16"><a href="#cb5-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="cf">if</span> (<span class="fu">file.exists</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_dist_lyr_2011_clipped.shp"</span>)) <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>) {</span>
<span id="cb5-17"><a href="#cb5-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">download.file</span>(<span class="st">"https://borders.ukdataservice.ac.uk/ukborders/easy_download/prebuilt/shape/infuse_dist_lyr_2011_clipped.zip"</span>, <span class="at">destfile =</span> <span class="st">"data/infuse_dist_lyr_2011_clipped.zip"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-18"><a href="#cb5-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">unzip</span>(<span class="st">"data/infuse_dist_lyr_2011_clipped.zip"</span>, <span class="at">exdir =</span> <span class="st">"data"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-19"><a href="#cb5-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span>
<span id="cb5-20"><a href="#cb5-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>local_authorities <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">st_read</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_dist_lyr_2011_clipped.shp"</span>), <span class="at">quiet =</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-21"><a href="#cb5-21" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb5-22"><a href="#cb5-22" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Download building outlines for whole UK</span></span>
<span id="cb5-23"><a href="#cb5-23" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="cf">if</span> (<span class="fu">file.exists</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_dist_lyr_2011_simplified_100m_buildings_simplified.gpkg"</span>)) <span class="sc">==</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>) {</span>
<span id="cb5-24"><a href="#cb5-24" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">download.file</span>(<span class="st">"https://zenodo.org/record/6395804/files/infuse_dist_lyr_2011_simplified_100m_buildings_overlay_simplified.gpkg"</span>, <span class="at">destfile =</span> <span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_dist_lyr_2011_simplified_100m_buildings_simplified.gpkg"</span>))}</span>
<span id="cb5-25"><a href="#cb5-25" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>local_authorities_buildings_clip <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">st_read</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"infuse_dist_lyr_2011_simplified_100m_buildings_simplified.gpkg"</span>), <span class="at">quiet =</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
<p>Before we move on, let’s plot a simple map and have a look at one of our administrative layers. We can use ggplot with a new type of shape <code>geom_sf()</code> to plot the contents of a geospatial data file with polygons which is loaded as a <code>simplefeature</code> in R.</p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb11"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb11-1"><a href="#cb11-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">ggplot</span>(uk_countries) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb11-2"><a href="#cb11-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_sf</span>()</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<p><img src="chapter_3_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-2-1.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb6"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(bench) <span class="sc">|&gt;</span> <span class="fu">suppressPackageStartupMessages</span>()</span>
<span id="cb6-2"><a href="#cb6-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">bench_time</span>(<span class="fu">ggplot</span>(uk_countries) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">geom_sf</span>())</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>process real
6.83ms 7.05ms </code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="load-in-ordnance-survey-openmap-points-data" class="level1" data-number="6">
<h1 data-number="6"><span class="header-section-number">6</span> Load in Ordnance Survey OpenMap Points Data</h1>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb12"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb12-1"><a href="#cb12-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Note: for more advanced reproducible scripts which demonstrate how these data surces have been </span></span>
<span id="cb12-2"><a href="#cb12-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># obtained, see the companion cookbook here: https://github.com/kidwellj/hacking_religion_cookbook/blob/main/ordnance_survey.R</span></span>
<span id="cb12-3"><a href="#cb12-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb12-4"><a href="#cb12-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>os_openmap_pow <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">st_read</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"os_openmap_pow.gpkg"</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb8"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb8-1"><a href="#cb8-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Note: for more advanced reproducible scripts which demonstrate how these data surces have been </span></span>
<span id="cb8-2"><a href="#cb8-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># obtained, see the companion cookbook here: https://github.com/kidwellj/hacking_religion_cookbook/blob/main/ordnance_survey.R</span></span>
<span id="cb8-3"><a href="#cb8-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb8-4"><a href="#cb8-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>os_openmap_pow <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">st_read</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"os_openmap_pow.gpkg"</span>), <span class="at">quiet =</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>)</span>
<span id="cb8-5"><a href="#cb8-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb8-6"><a href="#cb8-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">bench_time</span>(<span class="fu">ggplot</span>(os_openmap_pow) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">geom_sf</span>())</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>Reading layer `os_openmap_pow' from data source
`/Users/kidwellj/gits/hacking_religion_textbook/hacking_religion/data/os_openmap_pow.gpkg'
using driver `GPKG'
Simple feature collection with 48759 features and 5 fields
Geometry type: POLYGON
Dimension: XY
Bounding box: xmin: 64594.12 ymin: 8287.54 xmax: 655238.1 ymax: 1214662
Projected CRS: OSGB36 / British National Grid</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb14"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb14-1"><a href="#cb14-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">ggplot</span>(os_openmap_pow) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb14-2"><a href="#cb14-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_sf</span>()</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<p><img src="chapter_3_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-3-1.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
<pre><code>process real
1.17ms 1.15ms </code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<p>It’s worth noting that the way that you load geospatial data in R has changed quite dramatically since 2020 with the introduction of the simplefeature class in R. Much of the documentation you will come across “out there” will make reference to a set of functions which are now deprecated.</p>
<p>Let’s use that data we’ve just loaded to make our first map:</p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb15"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb15-1"><a href="#cb15-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Generate choropleth map of respondent locations</span></span>
<span id="cb15-2"><a href="#cb15-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># using temporary palette here so that 0s are white</span></span>
<span id="cb15-3"><a href="#cb15-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(tmap) <span class="sc">|&gt;</span> <span class="fu">suppressPackageStartupMessages</span>()</span>
<span id="cb15-4"><a href="#cb15-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># palette &lt;- c(white, "#a8ddb5", "#43a2ca")</span></span>
<span id="cb15-5"><a href="#cb15-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>map1 <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">tm_shape</span>(local_authorities) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb15-6"><a href="#cb15-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># tm_fill(col = "surveys_count", , palette = palette, title = "Concentration of survey respondents") +</span></span>
<span id="cb15-7"><a href="#cb15-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">tm_borders</span>(<span class="at">alpha=</span>.<span class="dv">5</span>, <span class="at">lwd=</span><span class="fl">0.1</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb15-8"><a href="#cb15-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co"># for intermediate polygon geometries</span></span>
<span id="cb15-9"><a href="#cb15-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co"># tm_shape(local_authorities) +</span></span>
<span id="cb15-10"><a href="#cb15-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co"># tm_borders(lwd=0.6) +</span></span>
<span id="cb15-11"><a href="#cb15-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co"># for dots from original dataset</span></span>
<span id="cb15-12"><a href="#cb15-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co"># tm_dots("red", size = .05, alpha = .4) +</span></span>
<span id="cb15-13"><a href="#cb15-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">tm_scale_bar</span>(<span class="at">position =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"right"</span>, <span class="st">"bottom"</span>)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb15-14"><a href="#cb15-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">tm_style</span>(<span class="st">"gray"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb15-15"><a href="#cb15-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">tm_credits</span>(<span class="st">"Data: UK Data Service (OGL)</span><span class="sc">\n</span><span class="st">&amp; Jeremy H. Kidwell,</span><span class="sc">\n</span><span class="st">Graphic is CC-by-SA 4.0"</span>, </span>
<span id="cb15-16"><a href="#cb15-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">size =</span> <span class="fl">0.4</span>, </span>
<span id="cb15-17"><a href="#cb15-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">position =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"left"</span>, <span class="st">"bottom"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb15-18"><a href="#cb15-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">just =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"left"</span>, <span class="st">"bottom"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb15-19"><a href="#cb15-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">align =</span> <span class="st">"left"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb15-20"><a href="#cb15-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">tm_layout</span>(<span class="at">asp =</span> <span class="cn">NA</span>,</span>
<span id="cb15-21"><a href="#cb15-21" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">frame =</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>, </span>
<span id="cb15-22"><a href="#cb15-22" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">title =</span> <span class="st">"Figure 1a"</span>, </span>
<span id="cb15-23"><a href="#cb15-23" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">title.size =</span> .<span class="dv">7</span>,</span>
<span id="cb15-24"><a href="#cb15-24" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">legend.title.size =</span> .<span class="dv">7</span>,</span>
<span id="cb15-25"><a href="#cb15-25" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">inner.margins =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="fl">0.1</span>, <span class="fl">0.1</span>, <span class="fl">0.05</span>, <span class="fl">0.05</span>)</span>
<span id="cb15-26"><a href="#cb15-26" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> )</span>
<span id="cb15-27"><a href="#cb15-27" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb15-28"><a href="#cb15-28" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>map1</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb10"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb10-1"><a href="#cb10-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Generate choropleth map of respondent locations</span></span>
<span id="cb10-2"><a href="#cb10-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># using temporary palette here so that 0s are white</span></span>
<span id="cb10-3"><a href="#cb10-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(tmap) <span class="sc">|&gt;</span> <span class="fu">suppressPackageStartupMessages</span>()</span>
<span id="cb10-4"><a href="#cb10-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># palette &lt;- c(white, "#a8ddb5", "#43a2ca")</span></span>
<span id="cb10-5"><a href="#cb10-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb10-6"><a href="#cb10-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>map1 <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">tm_shape</span>(local_authorities) <span class="sc">+</span> </span>
<span id="cb10-7"><a href="#cb10-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># tm_fill(col = "surveys_count", , palette = palette, title = "Concentration of survey respondents") +</span></span>
<span id="cb10-8"><a href="#cb10-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">tm_borders</span>(<span class="at">alpha=</span>.<span class="dv">5</span>, <span class="at">lwd=</span><span class="fl">0.1</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb10-9"><a href="#cb10-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co"># for intermediate polygon geometries</span></span>
<span id="cb10-10"><a href="#cb10-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co"># tm_shape(local_authorities) +</span></span>
<span id="cb10-11"><a href="#cb10-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co"># tm_borders(lwd=0.6) +</span></span>
<span id="cb10-12"><a href="#cb10-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co"># for dots from original dataset</span></span>
<span id="cb10-13"><a href="#cb10-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="co"># tm_dots("red", size = .05, alpha = .4) +</span></span>
<span id="cb10-14"><a href="#cb10-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">tm_scale_bar</span>(<span class="at">position =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"right"</span>, <span class="st">"bottom"</span>)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb10-15"><a href="#cb10-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">tm_style</span>(<span class="st">"gray"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb10-16"><a href="#cb10-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">tm_credits</span>(<span class="st">"Data: UK Data Service (OGL)</span><span class="sc">\n</span><span class="st">&amp; Jeremy H. Kidwell,</span><span class="sc">\n</span><span class="st">Graphic is CC-by-SA 4.0"</span>, </span>
<span id="cb10-17"><a href="#cb10-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">size =</span> <span class="fl">0.4</span>, </span>
<span id="cb10-18"><a href="#cb10-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">position =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"left"</span>, <span class="st">"bottom"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb10-19"><a href="#cb10-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">just =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"left"</span>, <span class="st">"bottom"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb10-20"><a href="#cb10-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">align =</span> <span class="st">"left"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb10-21"><a href="#cb10-21" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">tm_layout</span>(<span class="at">asp =</span> <span class="cn">NA</span>,</span>
<span id="cb10-22"><a href="#cb10-22" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">frame =</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>, </span>
<span id="cb10-23"><a href="#cb10-23" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">title =</span> <span class="st">"Figure 1a"</span>, </span>
<span id="cb10-24"><a href="#cb10-24" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">title.size =</span> .<span class="dv">7</span>,</span>
<span id="cb10-25"><a href="#cb10-25" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">legend.title.size =</span> .<span class="dv">7</span>,</span>
<span id="cb10-26"><a href="#cb10-26" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">inner.margins =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="fl">0.1</span>, <span class="fl">0.1</span>, <span class="fl">0.05</span>, <span class="fl">0.05</span>)</span>
<span id="cb10-27"><a href="#cb10-27" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> )</span>
<span id="cb10-28"><a href="#cb10-28" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb10-29"><a href="#cb10-29" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>map1</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<p><img src="chapter_3_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-1.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb16"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb16-1"><a href="#cb16-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># save image</span></span>
<span id="cb16-2"><a href="#cb16-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">tmap_save</span>(map1, <span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"figures"</span>, <span class="st">"map.png"</span>), <span class="at">width=</span><span class="dv">1920</span>, <span class="at">height=</span><span class="dv">1080</span>, <span class="at">asp=</span><span class="dv">0</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb11"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb11-1"><a href="#cb11-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># save image</span></span>
<span id="cb11-2"><a href="#cb11-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">tmap_save</span>(map1, <span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"figures"</span>, <span class="st">"map.png"</span>), <span class="at">width=</span><span class="dv">1920</span>, <span class="at">height=</span><span class="dv">1080</span>, <span class="at">asp=</span><span class="dv">0</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stderr">
<pre><code>Map saved to /Users/kidwellj/gits/hacking_religion_textbook/hacking_religion/figures/map.png</code></pre>
</div>
@ -396,35 +368,29 @@ Projected CRS: OSGB36 / British National Grid</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb20"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb20-1"><a href="#cb20-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># subsetting ordnance survey openmap data for measuring clusters and proximity</span></span>
<span id="cb20-2"><a href="#cb20-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb20-3"><a href="#cb20-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>os_openmap_important_buildings <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">st_read</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"os_openmap_important_buildings.gpkg"</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>Reading layer `important_buildings' from data source
`/Users/kidwellj/gits/hacking_religion_textbook/hacking_religion/data/os_openmap_important_buildings.gpkg'
using driver `GPKG'
Simple feature collection with 229800 features and 5 fields
Geometry type: POLYGON
Dimension: XY
Bounding box: xmin: 64594.12 ymin: 8125.44 xmax: 655500.5 ymax: 1214662
Projected CRS: OSGB36 / British National Grid</code></pre>
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<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb22"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb22-1"><a href="#cb22-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># add pubs, check_cashing, pawnbrokers, SSSI</span></span>
<span id="cb22-2"><a href="#cb22-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="do">## subsets</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb15"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb15-1"><a href="#cb15-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># subsetting ordnance survey openmap data for measuring clusters and proximity</span></span>
<span id="cb15-2"><a href="#cb15-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb15-3"><a href="#cb15-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>os_openmap_important_buildings <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">st_read</span>(<span class="fu">here</span>(<span class="st">"data"</span>, <span class="st">"os_openmap_important_buildings.gpkg"</span>), <span class="at">quiet =</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>)</span>
<span id="cb15-4"><a href="#cb15-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb15-5"><a href="#cb15-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># add pubs, check_cashing, pawnbrokers, SSSI</span></span>
<span id="cb15-6"><a href="#cb15-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="do">## subsets</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
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<ol type="1">
<li>Count the number of churches in Local Authorities</li>
</ol>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb23"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb23-1"><a href="#cb23-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># OSM data</span></span>
<span id="cb23-2"><a href="#cb23-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb23-3"><a href="#cb23-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Note: for more advanced reproducible scripts which demonstrate how these data surces have been </span></span>
<span id="cb23-4"><a href="#cb23-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># obtained, see the companion cookbook here: https://github.com/kidwellj/hacking_religion_cookbook/blob/main/ordnance_survey.R</span></span>
<span id="cb23-5"><a href="#cb23-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb23-6"><a href="#cb23-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb23-7"><a href="#cb23-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># osm_uk_points &lt;- st_read(system.file(here("data", "pow_osm.gpkg", package = "spData")))</span></span>
<span id="cb23-8"><a href="#cb23-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># vector_filepath = system.file("data/osm-gb-2018Aug29_pow_osm.pbf", package = "sf")</span></span>
<span id="cb23-9"><a href="#cb23-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># osm_uk_points = st_read(vector_filepath)</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb16"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb16-1"><a href="#cb16-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># OSM data</span></span>
<span id="cb16-2"><a href="#cb16-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb16-3"><a href="#cb16-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Note: for more advanced reproducible scripts which demonstrate how these data surces have been </span></span>
<span id="cb16-4"><a href="#cb16-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># obtained, see the companion cookbook here: https://github.com/kidwellj/hacking_religion_cookbook/blob/main/ordnance_survey.R</span></span>
<span id="cb16-5"><a href="#cb16-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb16-6"><a href="#cb16-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb16-7"><a href="#cb16-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># osm_uk_points &lt;- st_read(system.file(here("data", "pow_osm.gpkg", package = "spData")))</span></span>
<span id="cb16-8"><a href="#cb16-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># vector_filepath = system.file("data/osm-gb-2018Aug29_pow_osm.pbf", package = "sf")</span></span>
<span id="cb16-9"><a href="#cb16-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># osm_uk_points = st_read(vector_filepath)</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
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<p>Guides to geographies: https://rconsortium.github.io/censusguide/ https://ocsi.uk/2019/03/18/lsoas-leps-and-lookups-a-beginners-guide-to-statistical-geographies/</p>
<p>Extact places of worship from Ordnance survey open data set Calculate proximity to pubs</p>
<p>Calculate proximity to pubs</p>
</section>
<section id="references" class="level1 unnumbered">
<h1 class="unnumbered">References</h1>

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